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Volume :39 Issue : 156 2021
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Numeral Phonemic Syllabification-based Detection of Prosodic Zahhafat (in Arabic).
Auther : Husam Ayyoub
The purpose of this study is to identify the two dimensions of Arabic prosody: the metrical-quantitative and the numeral-qualitative, through studying “Zahhafat” (i.e. changes made to the second phoneme of the morphological pattern) in Arabic poetry, as well as testing the validity of the Quantitative Theory in explaining Arabic prosody. The study also aims to critique some models that were used to explain the nature of Arabic prosody, such as depending on the number of letters in classical numeral prosody. One last objective of the study is to provide scientific justifications for accepting or rejecting some “Zahhafat", each of which needs scientific evidence to support.
A number of poetic examples on “Zahhafat" has been collected and screened out as to be restricted to those Zahhafat that are governed by the sound rules, which in turn govern the change without relying on to the linguistic quantity only in formulating such rules. Thus, a combination of ‘linguistic quantitative symmetry’ and ‘proportionality of the quality’ has resulted in through ‘parallelism and contrast’ of the poetic kernels that form the patterns on two levels: the poetic pattern and the poetic verse. This has been adopted as a criterion for accepting and liking poetry Zahhafat or rejecting and disliking them.
The paper has concluded that any given Zahhaf (sing. of Zahhafat) is restricted to three main quantitative linguistic changes, each of which consists of many Zahhafat. And each type of them is distinguished with a special numeral quantity, that is, there is no qualitative numeral change in the first type, the presence of unusual numeral change in the second type due to lack of one kernel element (i.e. Assabab Aththakeel: a two-vowel cluster) in one sound syllable, the presence of a likeable numeral change in the second type due to the transformation of Assabab Aththakeel into Assabab Al-Khafeef (i.e. a vowel-consonant cluster). It is also possible to have two types together at the same time, which can be referred to as synthetic Zahhahhaf.
The study recommends studying the situations in which the Arabic poetry appreciation draws on physical quantity in the following Zahhafs: Idmar, the A'sab, E'llat Alqata' in Hashu Almutadarak And by studying the correlation between lexical meaning and the idiomatic meaning of Zahhafat and E'lal. Studying the unpleasant Zahhafat and synthetic ones has been will be taken in future research by the author, who calls on all Arab poets to avoid taking such disapproved Zahhafat.
Keywords: poetic meters, Khaleel bin Ahmad Al- Farahidy, prosody.