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Volume :37 Issue : 147 2019
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Agricultural Land Lease Holding System in Liwa’ al Muntafiq during the Last Decade of the 19th Century and the Beginning of the 20th Century (in Arabic).
Auther : Khalid Alsadoun
In the 17th Century, the Ottoman authorities adopted the Agricultural Land Lease Holding System to manage their state-owned lands (also known as ‘Miri’). However, this system was not introduced to Southern Iraq until the last third of the 19th Century when the Ottoman Land Code of 1858 was enforced by the reformer Wali Midhat Pasha in 1869. The absentee land owners of the Liwa’ al-Muntafiq began to adopt that system after 1881. Through this system they could cultivate their vast properties, for they concluded contracts with some profit seekers, authorizing them to utilize the land revenues in exchange for paying a fixed return in cash and kind.
This paper is an analytical study of some original agricultural contracts. It compares their contents, defines the differences between them, and displays their role in managing agriculture. The conclusion of the study suggests some alterations to certain results reached by a previous study.