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Volume :13 Issue : 50 1995
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The Critical Attitude of the Philosopher Al-Termizi (in Arabic)
Auther : Barakat Mohammad M. Sayed
This research aims to prove that the critical attitude in thinking, culture and philosophy, which is mistakenly thought by some people to have originated in European thought, emerged long ago at the hands of Moslem thinkers and philosophers as is clear in the case of Abu Hamed Al-Ghazali the author of Tahafut AI-Falasifa and Fadaih AI-Batiniyya; Ibn Rushd, the author of Tahufut AI-Tahafut; Ibn Taymiyya, the author of Naqdd AI-Manttiq and Al-Rad Ala AI-Manttiqiyyeen and many others of the Islamic critical schools. In this respect, the philosopher Al-Termizi played a pioneering role. As the leader of Sufist school, his ideas and opinions stemmed from an attitude to investigate, examine and validate ideas before adopting and defending them, thus he devised an unprecedented trend. To establish his theory in Sufist knowledge, he started with a critical attitude in the light of which he considered various scholars of his age and all types of sciences available then.
Al Termizis impact goes beyond those Moslem thinkers who followed him, e.g. Al-Ghazali, Ibn-el-Jawzi, Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyem AI-Jawziyya. This has been proved through some of his texts and their obvious impact on the works of those thinkers. We have also clarified how Al-Termizi succeeded in formulating some kind of phychoanalysis which he employed in his critical attitude and with which he preceded many Moslem psychoanalysts such as Al-Ghazali and Ibn-el-Jawzi, who followed many of Al-Termizis ideas and even employed his own terminology and headings.
It becomes clear in this research that method, topic and objective were three principles that geared his criticism of science and scientists of his age, namely the third century after Hijra. We have also clarified Al-Termizis relationships with those thinkers of his age.