These papers deals with the teaching programs among the Arabs, and wit the development of the teaching and education methods. It concentrates on one issue, that of educating the Omayad Caliphs. We have limited this study to the educating of Caliphs because this makes it easier for us to specify the teaching program, and to study those tutors who accompanied the Caliphs throughout the various stages of the Caliphs lives. The paper also explains the reasons which make the Caliphs choos those tutors to teach and educate their children.
This research has led to the discussion of the stages of the development of sciences in this era. The Omayad court seems to be the best place where one may trace back the rise of the sciences, especially the emergence of the rational trend in the court of Abdul-Malik Ibn Marwan.
This paper deals with the teaching program and gives special attention to the Caliphs orders to the tutors of their crown princes and successors. These orders draw in broad outline the teaching program which comprises studies in the Holy Quran, the Hadith, history, biographic literature, mathematics, etc.. The paper concludes that the teaching programs during the Omayad rule developed with the scientific developments in the various fields of knowledge, After abdul-Malid ibn Marwan new branches of knowledge were introduced into the teaching program, particularly the science of speech.
Finally, it has been found that in the light of serious scientific research, much of what has been said about the personalities of the Omayad Caliphs- such as Yazid ibn Muawiya, Khalid ibn Yazid, and other appears to disagree with historical facts. The study of the education of such Caliphs reveals new features of their lives, features that can hardly be discerned by a politically biased or prejudiced investigator.